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What Are Urinary Tract Infections?

By Jennifer Longson


Urinary tract infections can happen in any part of the urinary system. It is common for most infections to occur in the bladder or urethra. Kidneys and ureters may become infected as well. Urinary tract infections in the lower tract are often easily treated.

Urinary infections occur when bacteria enter the urethra and begin to multiply in the bladder. When that bacteria grows and spreads from the bladder, it becomes a urinary tract infection. Women who are sexually active experience urinary tract infections more often than men who are sexually active. Factors that increase the risk of getting a urinary tract infection are: catheter use, a suppressed immune system, urinary tract abnormalities or blockages, and certain birth control methods.

Usually symptoms of a urinary tract infection will vary from person to person. Some people will experience very minor symptoms, where others will have painful and severe symptoms. Here are a few symptoms you may experience: constant urge to urinate, cloudy, discolored or strong smelling urine, blood in the urine, burning sensation during urination, rectal pain for men and pelvic pain for women.

If you suspect that you have a urinary tract infection, it is best to go see your doctor. Most of the time, you doctor will be able to prescribe an antibiotic that will fight the bacteria in your system. If needed, your doctor may also give you pain medication to numb the bladder and urethra, if the pain is intolerable. There are times when severe urinary tract infections may even require intravenous antibiotics or hospitalization.

If you have a urinary tract infection, you'll likely be instructed to avoid drinks that could irritate your bladder such as coffee, alcohol and soft drinks. You must drink plenty of water and keep your system hydrated. If you have pain or discomfort in your pelvic or abdominal area, heating pads can help.

You may be able to reduce your risk of urinary tract infections by taking the following actions: flush bacteria from your urinary tract by drinking plenty of water, empty your bladder after intercourse, take a prescribed antibiotic after intercourse, avoid feminine products that could irritate the urinary tract (deodorant sprays, powders, and douches).




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